{"id":21938,"date":"2024-05-27T13:29:25","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T17:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biblica.ca\/?p=21938"},"modified":"2024-05-27T14:44:18","modified_gmt":"2024-05-27T18:44:18","slug":"bible-languages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biblica.ca\/fr\/news\/bible-languages\/","title":{"rendered":"Dans quelle langue la Bible a-t-elle \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crite?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\"Mo\u00efse est le premier auteur du texte biblique. Il avait re\u00e7u l\u2019ordre de Dieu d\u2019entreprendre cette t\u00e2che. Le passage d\u2019Exode 34.27 rapporte que \u00ab\u2009L\u2019\u00c9ternel dit \u00e0 Mo\u00efse : inscris-toi ces paroles-l\u00e0\u2009; car c\u2019est dans ces termes que j\u2019ai conclu l\u2019alliance avec toi et avec le peuple d\u2019Isra\u00ebl.\u2009\u00bb Mo\u00efse a choisi d\u2019\u00e9crire dans sa langue maternelle, l\u2019h\u00e9breu. Hebrew<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

L\u2019h\u00e9breu fait partie d\u2019un groupe de langues connues sous le nom de langues s\u00e9mitiques qui \u00e9taient parl\u00e9es dans cette partie du monde, appel\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque M\u00e9sopotamie, situ\u00e9e aujourd\u2019hui principalement en Irak. Leur alphabet se composait de 22 lettres, toutes des consonnes. (Les voyelles sont arriv\u00e9es beaucoup plus tard.)<\/p>\n

La quasi-totalit\u00e9 de l\u2019Ancien Testament a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crite en h\u00e9breu, mais quelques chapitres des proph\u00e9ties des livres d\u2019Esdras et de Daniel et un verset de J\u00e9r\u00e9mie ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crits dans une langue appel\u00e9e l\u2019aram\u00e9en. Cette langue est devenue tr\u00e8s populaire dans le monde antique et a m\u00eame supplant\u00e9 de nombreuses autres langues. L\u2019aram\u00e9en est m\u00eame devenu la langue commune parl\u00e9e en Isra\u00ebl \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de J\u00e9sus, et c\u2019est probablement la langue qu\u2019il parlait au quotidien. Certains mots aram\u00e9ens ont m\u00eame \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s par les auteurs des \u00c9vangiles du Nouveau Testament.<\/p>\n

Le Nouveau Testament, cependant, a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crit en grec. On pourrait s\u2019attendre \u00e0 ce que \u00e7a soit \u00e9crit en h\u00e9breu ou en aram\u00e9en, mais le grec \u00e9tait la langue des \u00e9rudits entre les ann\u00e9es 50 et 100 apr. J.-C., alors que le Nouveau Testament \u00e9tait en r\u00e9daction. \u00c0 vrai dire, de nombreux Juifs ne pouvaient m\u00eame plus lire l\u2019h\u00e9breu, ce qui d\u00e9rangeait beaucoup les dirigeants juifs! Ainsi, une \u00e9quipe a entrepris de traduire l\u2019Ancien Testament de l\u2019h\u00e9breu vers le grec vers 300 av. J.-C. et l\u2019a achev\u00e9e vers 200 av. J.-C. Cette traduction grecque de l\u2019Ancien Testament, appel\u00e9e la Septante, a graduellement \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnue jusqu\u2019\u00e0 \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e dans de nombreuses synagogues. Elle est aussi devenue un outil missionnaire formidable pour les premiers chr\u00e9tiens, car les Grecs pouvaient d\u00e9sormais lire la parole de Dieu dans leur propre langue.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est ce qui explique les auteurs du Nouveau Testament ont \u00e9crit en grec. Ils n\u2019ont pas r\u00e9dig\u00e9 leurs livres dans un grec classique ou de niveau soutenu, par contre, ils ont plut\u00f4t choisi un grec tr\u00e8s courant et de niveau parl\u00e9. Certains \u00e9rudits ont longtemps ridiculis\u00e9 le grec utilis\u00e9 dans le Nouveau Testament parce qu\u2019il s\u2019y trouvait beaucoup de mots \u00e9tranges pour les habitu\u00e9s des \u00e9crits de grands auteurs classiques grecs tels que Platon et Aristote. Ce n\u2019est que plus tard que de nombreux documents de gens du peuple ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverts, remplis de ces m\u00eames termes courants! Les gens ont cess\u00e9 de se moquer du grec de la Bible.<\/p>\n

Les plus anciennes copies d\u2019une partie de l\u2019Ancien Testament h\u00e9breu ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvertes en 1947. Elles font partie des c\u00e9l\u00e8bres manuscrits de la mer Morte et remontent en fait au premier si\u00e8cle avant J\u00e9sus-Christ. M\u00eame si elles ont au moins 900 ans de plus que toutes les parties de la Bible dont nous disposions auparavant, ce sont des copies. Les originaux ont tous \u00e9t\u00e9 perdus ou d\u00e9truits, mais il n\u2019y a pas lieu de s\u2019inqui\u00e9ter. Nous sommes presque certains que les textes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 copi\u00e9s de fa\u00e7on fid\u00e8le. Toutefois, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, les copistes \u00e9taient extr\u00eamement minutieux puisque le texte \u00e9tait consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme sacr\u00e9. Il existe aujourd\u2019hui quelque 5\u2009000 documents copi\u00e9s \u00e0 la main de parties de la Bible, et ils concordent sur 98 % du texte! Aucun autre \u00e9crit ancien ne b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019un tel soutien sous-jacent et d\u2019une concordance aussi \u00e9tonnante avec le texte.<\/p>\n

Oui, nous lisons les mots que Dieu voulait que nous lisions. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous pouvons lire la r\u00e9v\u00e9lation de Dieu dans notre propre langue et dans 2300 autres langues. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous avons entre les mains une Bible qui est parvenue jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nous dans trois langues originales. Nous pouvons dire avec assurance que \u00ab\u2009Dieu parle notre langue!\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Article \u00e9crit par l'\u00e9quipe de Biblica Inc.<\/a>
\n<\/em>Le contenu est reproduit avec la permission de Biblica inc.\u00a0<\/em>L'article original est disponible\u00a0<\/em>ici<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The first human author to write down the biblical record was Moses. He was commanded by God to take on this task, for Exodus 34:27 records God\u2019s words to Moses, \u201cWrite down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.\u201d And what language did he […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":87,"featured_media":21939,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bible-literacy"],"yoast_head":"\nIn what language was the Bible first written? | Biblica Canada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/biblica.ca\/fr\/news\/bible-languages\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"anniklaroche\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimation du temps de lecture\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"anniklaroche\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6dfd8e36d8b17b4db0ecdb9eb62d67b7\"},\"headline\":\"In what language was the Bible first written?\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-27T17:29:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-27T18:44:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":648,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/hands-3457909_1280.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Bible literacy\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biblica.ca\\\/news\\\/bible-languages\\\/\",\"name\":\"In what language was the Bible first written? 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